Trading Between New Hampshire Settlers and Indians
The relationship between the New Hampshire settlers and the Native American tribes was complex and multifaceted. One of the most important aspects of this relationship was trade, which occurred between the two groups throughout the colonial period. The goods that were exchanged between the settlers and the Indians were diverse and varied, and often reflected the needs and desires of both groups.
Furs and Skins: The Most Sought-After Commodities
One of the most valuable trade items for the New Hampshire settlers were furs and skins obtained from animals such as beavers, otters, and minks. These furs were in high demand in Europe, where they were used to make fashionable clothing and accessories. The settlers would trade goods such as cloth and weapons for the furs, which they then sold to European merchants for a profit. For the Indians, furs and skins were also important trade items, as they were used for clothing, blankets, and other practical purposes.
Beads and Wampum: Currency for the Indians
Beads and wampum were often used as a form of currency by the Native American tribes in the New Hampshire area. Wampum was made from shells and was often intricately woven into belts and other decorative items. The settlers would trade these items for food, furs, and other goods. In some cases, the Indians would also use beads and wampum to buy goods from other tribes, making them a crucial part of their trade economy.
Tools and Weapons: A Vital Exchange for Survival
Tools and weapons such as knives, axes, and guns were highly valued trade items for both the settlers and the Indians. The settlers needed these items to clear land, build homes, and protect themselves from threats such as wild animals and hostile tribes. The Indians used these tools and weapons for hunting, fishing, and protection. The trade of these items was often a matter of survival for both groups.
Alcohol: A Controversial and Dangerous Trade
Alcohol was a controversial trade item between the settlers and the Indians. The settlers would often trade liquor for furs and other goods, but the consumption of alcohol by the Indians often led to negative consequences such as addiction and violence. Many Indian tribes attempted to limit the trade of alcohol for this reason, but the settlers continued to offer it as a trade item.
Food and Livestock: A Mutual Beneficial Exchange
Food and livestock were important trade items for both the settlers and the Indians. The settlers would trade goods such as cloth and tools for food such as corn, beans, and squash, which was often grown by the Indians. In exchange, the Indians would receive goods such as guns and ammunition. The settlers also introduced livestock such as cattle, pigs, and sheep to the area, which the Indians would trade for other goods.
Cloth and Textiles: A Popular and Versatile Trade
Cloth and textiles were versatile trade items that were in high demand by both the settlers and the Indians. The settlers would trade goods such as tools and weapons for cloth, which they used to make clothing and bedding. The Indians would also trade for cloth, which they used for clothing and decorative purposes. The trade of cloth and textiles helped to bridge the cultural divide between the two groups.
Tobacco: A Highly Valued Trade Item
Tobacco was a highly valued trade item for both the settlers and the Indians. The settlers introduced tobacco to the area, which the Indians quickly adopted as a trade item. Tobacco was used for smoking and as a form of currency, and was often traded for other goods such as furs and cloth.
Jewelry and Decorations: A Symbolic Exchange
Jewelry and other decorative items were often used as a symbolic exchange between the settlers and the Indians. The settlers would trade goods such as cloth and tools for items such as silver jewelry and beaded decorations, which were highly valued by the Indians. These items were often worn as a symbol of status and were important in the cultural exchange between the two groups.
Salt: A Crucial Trade Commodity
Salt was a crucial trade commodity for both the settlers and the Indians. The settlers would often trade goods such as cloth and tools for salt, which was used for preserving food and other practical purposes. The Indians also valued salt and would trade goods such as furs and wampum for it.
Glassware and Ceramics: A Luxury Item for the Indians
Glassware and ceramics were luxury items that were highly valued by the Indians. The settlers would trade goods such as cloth and tools for items such as glass beads and ceramic bowls, which were often used for decorative and ceremonial purposes. The trade of these luxury items helped to create a cultural exchange between the two groups.
Conclusion: The Complex and Intricate Trade Relationship
The relationship between the New Hampshire settlers and the Native American tribes was complex and multifaceted, and trade was an important part of this relationship. The goods that were exchanged between the two groups were diverse and varied, and often reflected the needs and desires of both groups. By trading goods such as furs, tools, and food, the settlers and the Indians were able to create a mutually beneficial relationship that helped to shape the history of the region.
