The eastward-flowing river that empties into the Atlantic Ocean from Lake Ontario is a significant natural wonder that has captured the attention of many people. This river is vital to the ecology of the region and has played a crucial role in the development of the surrounding areas. Understanding the history, geography, and ecology of this river is essential to appreciate its significance fully.
Geography
The Great Lakes region is a vast freshwater system located in North America, covering approximately 245,000 square kilometers. The system consists of five large interconnected lakes, with Lake Ontario being the easternmost. The Great Lakes are the largest group of freshwater lakes in the world, holding about 84% of North America’s surface freshwater. The Great Lakes help regulate continental climates and provide essential habitats for fish and wildlife.
The beginning
Lake Ontario, the smallest of the five Great Lakes, is situated on the eastern border of North America, straddling the United States and Canada. The lake is the outlet for the four upper Great Lakes, and its drainage basin covers an area of approximately 64,030 square kilometers. Lake Ontario is the only Great Lake that does not share a border with the United States.
The course
The eastward direction of the river from Lake Ontario is a function of the region’s topography. The region’s elevation generally slopes towards the St. Lawrence River and the Atlantic Ocean, making the eastward flow a natural course. The river cuts through the lower Canadian Shield to the north of Lake Ontario, streams through the Thousand Islands Region, and then flows into the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
The river
The river that flows eastward from Lake Ontario is called the St. Lawrence River. It is approximately 1,197 kilometers long, making it the third-longest river in Canada. The St. Lawrence River connects the Great Lakes system to the Atlantic Ocean and is a vital shipping channel for North America.
History
The river’s importance to early settlers and the economy of the region cannot be overstated. The indigenous people who lived in the area used the river to hunt, fish, and trade. Early French explorers used the river to explore and trade with the indigenous people. The St. Lawrence River has also played a significant role in the economic development of the region, supporting industries such as shipping, fishing, and tourism.
Activities
The St. Lawrence River offers a host of recreational opportunities such as boating, fishing, swimming, and hiking. The Thousand Islands Region, where the river is dotted with islands, offers an excellent opportunity for boating and camping. The region is also famous for its world-class fishing.
Wildlife
The St. Lawrence River provides a critical habitat for a wide variety of fish and wildlife. The river is home to over 100 species of fish, including several endangered species such as the Atlantic sturgeon and the lake sturgeon. The river also provides habitat for a diverse range of bird species, including bald eagles and ospreys.
Environmental challenges
Pollution is one of the major environmental challenges facing the St. Lawrence River. Industrial and agricultural activities in the watershed have contributed to high levels of pollution in the river. Restoration efforts, including the installation of wastewater treatment plants and the implementation of agricultural best management practices, are ongoing.
Water management
Dams and hydroelectric power plants have been constructed along the St. Lawrence River, which has created a series of reservoirs and pools. The dams provide a means of regulating water levels, which is crucial for the shipping industry. The hydroelectric power plants generate clean energy and are a vital part of the region’s energy infrastructure.
Conclusion
The St. Lawrence River is a remarkable natural resource that has played a significant role in the development of the region. The river’s ecological, economic, and cultural importance cannot be overstated. It is essential that we continue to protect and conserve this valuable resource for future generations.
Additional resources
There are many resources available for those interested in learning more about the St. Lawrence River. The St. Lawrence River Institute of Environmental Sciences is a not-for-profit organization that conducts research and education programs on the river. The Thousand Islands Tourism Council provides information on recreational opportunities in the region. For those interested in the history of the region, the St. Lawrence County Historical Association offers a wealth of information.
