The Ohio River and its Tributaries
The Ohio River is a significant waterway that flows through six states in the United States, covering a distance of 981 miles. It is a major tributary of the Mississippi River and is regarded as one of the most important water sources in the country. The Ohio River acts as a vital source of water not only for industrial and agricultural purposes but also for millions of people living in the region.
What is a tributary?
Before we introduce the two rivers that flow into the Ohio River as its tributaries, it is important to understand what a tributary is. A tributary is a smaller stream or river that flows into a larger river or water body. These smaller rivers add to the volume of water in the larger river, increasing its flow and contributing to the ecosystem. The Ohio River, being a major river system, has several tributaries that contribute to its water volume and support the ecology of the region.
The Ohio River: A major tributary to the Mississippi River
The Ohio River is the largest tributary of the Mississippi River and accounts for almost 60% of its water flow. The river originates from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and flows southwest to join the Mississippi River near Cairo, Illinois. It is a significant source of water for industries, cities, and agriculture in the Ohio River Valley. The Ohio River is also crucial for barge transportation, allowing companies to transport goods to and from various parts of the country.
The Ohio River: A source of drinking water for millions
The Ohio River provides drinking water to over 5 million people across the six states it flows through. This includes large cities such as Cincinnati and Louisville, which rely heavily on the river for their water supply. The river also supports a wide range of recreational activities such as boating, fishing and swimming.
The Allegheny River: A major tributary of the Ohio
The Allegheny River is one of the two primary tributaries of the Ohio River, the other being the Monongahela River. It is approximately 325 miles long and flows through the states of New York and Pennsylvania. The Allegheny River is formed by the confluence of two smaller rivers, the Clarion River and the West Branch of the Susquehanna River.
The Allegheny River: Where it begins and ends
The Allegheny River begins in Potter County, Pennsylvania, and flows through the Allegheny National Forest before entering New York. It then turns south and re-enters Pennsylvania, flowing past the city of Pittsburgh before joining the Ohio River at the Point in Downtown Pittsburgh.
The Monongahela River: Another major tributary of the Ohio
The Monongahela River is the other major tributary of the Ohio River and is approximately 128 miles long. It flows through the states of West Virginia and Pennsylvania and has its origin in the Allegheny Mountains. The river’s name is derived from the Native American word ‘monongahela’ which means "falling banks."
The Monongahela River: Its role in the industrial revolution
The Monongahela River played a significant role in the industrial revolution of the United States. The river was used to transport coal, which was a crucial fuel for factories and industries in the region. The river also provided water for mills and other industries that were built along its banks.
The Ohio River Basin: Home to diverse flora and fauna
The Ohio River Basin is home to a diverse range of flora and fauna. The river and its tributaries support a variety of fish species, such as the paddlefish, blue catfish, and lake sturgeon. The river basin is also home to several bird species, including bald eagles and great blue herons. The region’s forests support a range of plant species, including oak, hickory, and maple.
The Ohio River: A natural, cultural, and economic resource
The Ohio River is a natural, cultural, and economic resource that has played a significant role in the development of the United States. The river’s importance extends beyond its use as a source of water and transportation. It has been a significant part of the region’s history, supporting the growth of industries, agriculture, and trade.
Threats to the Ohio River and its tributaries
Despite its importance, the Ohio River and its tributaries face several threats. Pollution from industrial and agricultural activities, as well as runoff from urban areas, is a significant problem. Climate change is also causing changes in the river’s flow and temperature, which can have a detrimental impact on the ecosystem.
Conclusion: The importance of protecting our waterways
It is crucial to protect the Ohio River and its tributaries from pollution and other threats so that they can continue to support the region’s economy, ecology, and communities. There are several initiatives aimed at restoring and protecting the river, such as the Ohio River Basin Alliance, which was established to promote sustainable development in the region. It is essential to act now to ensure that these vital waterways continue to thrive.
